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- 1492 Christopher Columbus, sails from La Gomera (Canary Islands), the last port before his voyage across the Atlantic Ocean to the West Indies.
- 1522 The ship Victoria arrives at Sanlúcar de Barrameda (Cadiz), with 18 crew under the command of Juan Sebastián Elcano completing the first round-the-world voyage.
- 1593 The Spanish Jesuit priest Gregorio Céspedes becomes the first Westerner to land in Korea, according to letters he sends to Spain.
- 1634 The Catholic Spanish-Imperial army under Ferdinand of Austria and Matthias Gallas defeats the Protestant army of Sweden and Germany at the Battle of Nördlingen.
- 1766 British physicist and naturalist John Dalton is born.
- 1901 US President William McKinley is wounded in an assassination attempt. McKinley would die days later.
- 1914 World War I: First Battle of the Marne.
- 1921 The writer Carmen Laforet, winner of the Nadal Prize for her work Nada, is born.
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