- 1209 Reconquista: Papal Bull of Pope Innocent III entrusting the Toledo bishop Rodrigo Jiménez de Rada to preach a crusade against the Muslims.
- 1624 Juan de Mariana (b. 1536) dies.
- 1865 Pierre-Joseph Proudhon (b. 1809), French socialist thinker and economist, dies.
- 1922 The first session of the Permanent Court of International Justice in The Hague is held.
- 1933 Yugoslavia, Romania and Czechoslovakia renew the 'Little Entente'.
- 1936 The Popular Front wins the elections in Spain.
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